System and Method for Storing Data with Rules on Containers for Collections of Data

ABSTRACT

System and method are provided for storing data using programmable rules on containers for collections of data items presented through the operating environment. This invention gives a container (folders or enhanced containers) the ability to be more than a straight-forward receptacle to contain a collection of data objects and other sub-containers. The invention provides for when data is added to a container system, collecting information from the data item and any pre-existing metadata, matching the information to a container using the container&#39;s rules, and if any matching containers are found, filing of the data item proceeds into any candidate locations.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation that claims priority from a nonprovisional US patent application Ser. No. 15/241,689 filed on Aug. 19,2016.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the invention generally relate to data processing systemsand management of data. Specifically, embodiments of the inventionrelate to systems where data items are intelligently filed inprogrammable containers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Data processing systems, computers, networks of computers, or the like,offer users and programs various ways to organize and manage data viathe operating system (“OS”). Data consists of a stored sequence of bits.A data object may include but is not limited to the contents of a file,a portion of a file, a data record, a page in memory, an object in anobject-oriented program, a digital message or any other digitalrepresentation of information.

An OS on a computer generally provides a file system in which data itemsare organized and stored as files on a suitable storage medium. Filescan be grouped into collections of files, known as directories, whichcan then be grouped into other directories. Users and programs mustnavigate through a hierarchical path of directories in order to find aparticular data object (file). The OS provides for interaction with thefile system via a “shell” or operating environment (“OE”) which can becontrolled through a command line or its equivalent graphical userinterface

In a database management system, data is organized as records in tables.These tables can be grouped into database files. Users and programs mustquery the database tables to find a particular data item (record) usinga dedicated database application.

The existing data management structures provide little beyondorganization and storage of data. Many decisions as to the organizationand storage of data are made by the user in the manual creation ofdirectories or by the OS with basic default directories (My Documents,My Pictures, etc.). Therefore, a need exists for the ability to createand manage containers and data using programmable rules.

SUMMARY

System and method are provided for storing data using programmable ruleson containers for collections of data items presented through theoperating environment. This invention gives a container (folders orenhanced containers) the ability to be more than a straight-forwardreceptacle to contain a collection of data objects and othersub-containers.

The invention provides for a system having least one processor and adatabase for storing records of inclusion rules defining which dataobjects are included in a container and exclusion rules defining whatdata objects are excluded from a container and correlations of theinclusion and exclusion rules containers in a data system organized bycontainers. The processor is configured to perform monitoring OperatingSystem events signifying addition of a new data object into the datasystem. Upon addition of a data object into a data system organized bycontainers, the processor collects pre-existing metadata from the dataobject, extracts, by a processor, key information from content of thedata object, analyzes the key information by interpreting andclassifying content to create enhanced metadata, queries the database byperforming phrase matching of the pre-existing metadata and enhancedmetadata on the inclusion and exclusion rules, retrieves a set ofcontainers correlated with matching inclusion and exclusion rules, andautomatically stores a persistent copy of the data object in any and allmatching containers on a data storage.

If matching containers are found, the user can additionally approve ofeach candidate location before filing of the data item proceeds. If nomatching containers are found, one or more new containers can besuggested and the user approves of each container before the one or morecontainers are created and filing proceeds. If the user does not approveof at least one container, the user can file the data object manually.Alternatively, if the user does not want to file the object manually,the object is placed in a default container.

Further, after extracting key information from the data item content andany pre-existing metadata, the invention can provide for creating anenhanced data object using the key information. If any matchingcontainers are found, filing of the enhanced data object proceeds intoany candidate locations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

The accompanying drawings taken in conjunction with the detaileddescription will assist in making the advantages and aspects of thedisclosure more apparent.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a container and its contents.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of how data objects are automatically filed in asystem.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a general system embodiment on a singlecomputer.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an alternative system embodiment on asingle computer.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an alternative system embodiment on asingle computer.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a general system embodiment on multiplecomputers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodimentsdiscussed herein, illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Theembodiments are described below to explain the disclosed system,apparatus, and method by referring to the Figures using like numerals.It will be nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope isthereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in theillustrated device, and such further applications of the principles asillustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to oneskilled in the art to which the embodiments relate.

The subject matter is presented in the general context of system andprogram modules that are able to read and write data to memory, physicalstorage, databases, or similar. Those skilled in the art will recognizethat other implementations may be performed that may include differentdata structures, components, or routines that perform similar tasks. Theinvention can be practiced using various computer system configurations,such as client server systems. Other usable systems can include, but arenot limited to, mainframe computers, microprocessors, personalcomputers, smart phones, tablets, and other consumer electronic devices.Such computer devices may include one or more processors, data storagein the form of memory (hard disk, random access memory, cache memory,etc.) or a database, and an OS.

System and method are provided for storing data using programmable ruleson containers for collections of data items presented through theoperating environment. The present invention provides for moreefficiently and intelligently organizing data into enhanced programmablecontainers according to rules.

Data management systems have been developed with means to form groups ofdata items. For example, in a typical file system, users and programscan create collections of items in a file system by placing data filesin directories and subdirectories. Data can also be organized usingcontainers for making collections, giving users the ability to groupfiles or other data objects according to their preference.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, a container 105 for a collection of data isprovided. The contents of such a container may be heterogeneous as todata format and storage type, provided that a suitable method ofpresentation of such heterogeneous data to the container system ispresent. Containers may contain various forms of data such as documents(text files, PDFs, etc.), pictures, multimedia (audio, video, movie,etc.), emails, and database records (provided, of course, such emails ordatabase records can be ingested into the system as independentdocuments). Additionally, containers can contain other containers 110,115, referred to as child container or sub-containers which may alsocontain heterogeneous data. In a file system, these containers arecommonly referred to as folders, directories, sub-folders orsub-directories. A user can browse through containers and sub-containersto view data.

Data is organized in containers called folders in an OS file system,where the user is able to manually organize data files. When savingdocuments created by document editors or downloading attachments fromemail applications, the file's location can be set either automaticallyaccording to some default setting, or manually (users can browse throughfolder directories to select the location to place the data object), ora combination of both. Additionally, users can manually place dataobjects in folders using common file system commands such as cut, copyand paste.

An enhanced container system can provide virtual containers with thebasic functionality of an OS file system. In an enhanced containersystem, document/data objects can be made to have more layers,properties and other attribute information than normal files in a filesystem. A data management application can present to the user a filemanagement interface using enhanced containers.

This invention provides for the ability of containers (folders orenhanced containers) to be more than a straight-forward receptacle tocontain a collection of data objects and other sub-containers.Embodiments depicted provide for containers to have rules attached to acontainer, governing the content of the container to which they areattached.

An organization of containers can thus be created whose individualcontent is based on the properties of data items on the system and whosebehaviors can be automated. For example, the system can be programmed tocreate a container for each email contact. Then, the container systemcan be programmed so that emails from the contact, downloaded emailattachments from the contact, and other relevant data can beautomatically added to the container.

The system uses the data item's information in order to file the dataitem in the appropriate container. Such a system may be implemented bycollecting the normally available metadata and properties present in thedata being organized. When additional information, properties orcomprehension is available—such as that extracted by semantic analysisor document layout mapping—this may be used to enhance the subtlety andlevel of granularity by which the rules of the container systemoperates.

In an enhanced container system, document/data objects can be made tohave more layers, properties and other attribute information than normalfiles in a file system. Such layers can include not only the originaldata, but also, for example the original content in machine readableform, the semantic extraction, content summary, and metadata. In orderto extract the enhanced metadata used in filing and comprehension, everydata item added to the system must be analyzed and have key informationextracted. The extraction is based on recognizing text and uses existingmetadata, as well as optical character recognition (“OCR”) and semantictechnologies. The system extracts information (people, dates,relationships, etc.) from the content, uses layout mapping to aidrecognition of document types, uses semantic interpretation to classifycontent and extract a summary, and creates enhanced metadata. Theextracted information is stored within the data object allowing the datamanagement application to automatically add the object to the correctcontainer according to the system rules.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, a flowchart 200 of how data items are added ascontainer members in a generalized automated container systemimplementation.

A new data item 205 is added to the system. If the system supports itand the data requires it, the incoming data may be, using OCR orotherwise, recognized 210, mapped 215 and semantically or otherwiseanalyzed 220. The system extracts key information (people, dates,relationships, etc.) from the content, uses semantic interpretation toclassify content and extract a summary, and creates enhanced metadata225. The system then builds the data object 230 and, if supported, makeslinks and connections as appropriate with objects in the system 235.

Automated filing 240 then proceeds. The system then attempts to matchthe information from the new item to existing containers' rules 250. Ifmatches are found, the user verifies (or adjusts) the proposed filing275 and filing proceeds in any candidate locations 280 and the filing iscomplete 290; the user may also opt to file manually by rejecting theproposed filing and proceeding to 285. If no matches are found thesystem may be equipped with a method of comparing the new item with theexisting container hierarchy and proposing a new container for it withinit 255, or it may have an external resource which it consults to provideadditional assistance in determining and proposing a new location (byextending the hierarchy in a new way, or proposing modifications to theexisting) 245. If this facility 255 exists, the new proposedcontainer(s) or container structure is suggested to the user 260, and ifhe chooses to accept it 265, the new container(s) or container structureis created 270 and filing proceeds as before 280 through to conclusion290. Should the user wish to proceed manually 285, he then completesfiling at his discretion and concludes 290.

Some embodiments will not include extraction of data 210, 215, 220 orcreation of enhanced metadata 225, and will only include the collectingof more basic information from the data item along with basic metadata.Still further, an implementation directly on an OS file system will notinclude the building of an enhanced data object 230 and some systems maynot include the linking of related objects 235. In these embodiments,upon the creation 205 of a file in the system, automated filing proceeds240.

The syntax of the Rules system is at the discretion of the systembuilder, and can be written in the general form:

-   [Include|Exclude] when {data|metadata|extraction}=*match predicate-   The Comparison operator (“*” above) may be any of the standard    types, such as less than, equals, contains. A rule may be a simple    statement or complex construct which includes functions. Rules may    be chained or combined through the use of “And” or “Or” operators.    There can be as many matching phrases as needed in order to specify    and isolate the data to be included or excluded in the container,    provided these phrases do not contradict each other.

For example, a container may explicitly include or exclude certain dataobjects based on their type or their data content. The container systemcan behave according to a general pattern or Rule Statement:

-   when {metadata or semantic or object data} {match-predicate}    {matching data pattern} then include or exclude {data object} in    ContainerName-   The container system can have a container called “Invoices”:-   When contentType is Invoice then include object in Invoice-   This kind of test checks that the content type of a data object    could be one of invoice and can be used for other documents, such as    agreement, contract, or lease. If it matches, the system files the    data object in the container.

Rules may be pre-programmed into a system as default specifications.Alternatively, rules can be programmed by end users.

A hierarchy of containers can be constructed in order to build a“knowledge tree” using rules. Such a tree would start with a broaddefinition and terminate in a precise item. It could bifurcate atcertain points where there are two or more classes of objects meetingthe higher requirement but differing or specializing at the lower level.Therefore container hierarchies might incorporate knowledge ontologiesand object taxonomies, displaying these as trees or Venn diagrams. Eachsub-branch of such a tree must be unique within the context of the majorbranch. Such a scheme does permit rules to be duplicated acrossdisparate main branches and sub-branches always provided that eachbranch path along the tree creates a unique filter in the system.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, a block diagram 300 of a general systemembodiment on a single computer device is provided.

In a general system embodiment, a single computer device is configuredto perform all elements of the invention. Some components of thecomputer include one or more processing units, storage medium 305 (harddisk, random access memory, cache memory, etc.), an OS, and anelectronic visual display 340. Rules can be implemented, at the mostbasic level, by loading a Data Management Application 335 TSR program inmemory, running in the background and monitoring changes in the OS filesystem 310. Such a Data Management Application 335 would provide aninterface for the user to add rules and allow the user to connect therules to new or existing OS folders 330 on disk. Rules would be storedin a Folder Rules Database 315. The system, using file metadata, orsimple content analysis (search within the content if machine readable),collects and checks this metadata against the rules of the folders 330and files 325 accordingly. All data is stored in OS file system foldersand the user would still interact with the User File Hierarchy 320through the OS file manager. The Data Management Application canadditionally alerting the user if a file with new metadata appears andcannot be matched to the current rules sets and then proposing a newfolder for the file. Aliases/shortcuts are used when a file overlapsmultiple file folder rule sets and should be included in multiple folderlocations. The user could also be alerted if he is trying to delete afiles that has aliases in other folders, since the removal of the filewill cause the aliases to no longer function.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, a block diagram 400 of an alternative systemembodiment on a single computer device is provided.

In an alternative system embodiment, a single computer device isconfigured to perform all elements of the invention. Some components ofthe computer include one or more processing units, storage medium 405(hard disk, random access memory, cache memory, etc.), an OS, and anelectronic visual display 460. Rules can be created via a DataManagement Application 450, running in the background and monitoringchanges in the OS file system 410. Such a Data Management Application450 would provide an interface 455 for the user to add rules and allowthe user to connect the rules to new or existing OS folders 445 on disk.Rules would be stored in a Rules and Enhanced File System Database 415.The Rules and Enhanced File System Database 415 also stores the locationof files and folders along with basic metadata and enhanced metadatacreated from extractions. The system, using basic file metadata andenhanced metadata collects and checks the metadata against the rules ofthe folders 445 and files 440 accordingly. All data is still stored inOS file system folders but the user interacts with the User FileHierarchy 425 via the custom interface 455. The system would maintain aphysical OS folder representation of the folder structure, but parts ofit might not be accessible to the user. A hidden file hierarchy 420would only be accessible through the User Interface 455 of the DataManagement Application 450. This hidden file hierarchy 420 would consistof hidden system folders 435 and “files” in the form of aliases andshortcuts 430. The user can still interact with the User File Hierarchy425 and edit files through the OS file manager outside of theapplication. Aliases and shortcuts can become broken if the underlyingfile is moved or deleted, which can compromise the integrity of the DataManagement Application. To prevent this, the user's actions must bemonitored by the Data Management Application 450 such that deletions andother destructive acts are forestalled.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, a block diagram 500 of an alternative systemembodiment on a single computer device is provided.

In an alternative system embodiment, a single computer device isconfigured to perform all elements of the invention. Some components ofthe computer include one or more processing units, storage medium 505(hard disk, random access memory, cache memory, etc.), an OS, and anelectronic visual display 565. A Data Management Application 555 can beloaded onto a computer, intermediating between the host OS file system510 and its data files 545 and folders 550 as well as any database files520. The Data Management Application 555 provides programmablecontainers into which the user may import data from available sources.Files are imported and information (enhanced metadata) extracted fromthe content and coupled to the OS metadata info. This information isattached to the file's record (a data object) in the Rules and ObjectDatabase 515. The data files 530 and shadowed folders 535 mayadditionally be stored on disk in a file cache 525, not easilyaccessible to the user and protected by file permissions from deletionor moving except via the app's interface. The enhanced containers areonly be accessible through the User Interface 560 of the Data ManagementApplication 555. Once data resides in the Data Management Applicationcontainer hierarchy the user is empowered to group files in containersaccording to preference. These containers are virtual inasmuch as theremay not be a physical folder on disk, although there could be, but allfiling is done against virtual containers. Such a Data ManagementApplication 555 would also provide an interface for the user to addrules and allow the user to connect the rules to new or existingcontainers. Rules would be stored in a Rules and Object Database 515.The system, using basic file metadata and enhanced metadata checks themetadata against the rules of the folders and files accordingly.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, a block diagram 600 of a general systemembodiment on multiple computer devices is provided.

Either of the 3 single computer embodiments can be modified toembodiments where the invention, performed over multiple computerdevices in a client server configuration. As depicted, the user caninteract with the system via a computer device 605. Some components ofthe computer include one or more processing units, storage medium (harddisk, random access memory, cache memory, etc.), an OS, and anelectronic visual display 610. The computer device can be configured torun the Data Management Application 615 to create, manage and visualizethe data as domains and member data objects. The data can be locateddirectly on the computer device (local data 620) or can be accessed on alocal area network server 625 or a cloud server 640 via the internet.The local area network server device 625 is configured with a DataManagement server application 630 allowing for access to its own localdata 635, as well as communication with the cloud server 640. The cloudserver 640 is configured with a Data Management server application 645allowing for access to it's the cloud data store 650, as well ascommunication with the client device 605 and local area network server625 via the internet. The Data Management Application 615 is able tomanage and synchronize local data 620 along with server data 635, 650via the various data management applications. Further, a mobile deviceclient 655, also with a visual display 660, can be configured with athin Data Management Application 665 that can only access data on localarea network server 625 or a cloud server 640. It should be appreciatedthat other computer system configurations can be used.

The preceding description is of various embodiments and no limitation ofthe scope is thereby intended.

That which is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method forautomatically filing data objects into containers comprising: importinga set of preprogrammed inclusion rules defining which data objects areincluded in a container and exclusion rules defining what data objectsare excluded from a container; correlating the inclusion and exclusionrules to containers in a data system organized by containers; storingrecords of the inclusion and exclusion rules and the correlatedcontainers in a database; monitoring Operating System events signifyingaddition of a new data object into the data system; upon addition of adata object into a data system organized by containers: a) collectingpre-existing metadata from the data object; b) extracting keyinformation from content of the data object; c) analyzing the keyinformation by interpreting and classifying content to create enhancedmetadata; d) querying the database by performing phrase matching of thepre-existing metadata and enhanced metadata on the inclusion andexclusion rules; e) retrieving a set of containers correlated withmatching inclusion and exclusion rules; f) said computer, automaticallystoring a persistent copy of the data object in any and all matchingcontainers on a data storage.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein if nomatching containers are found, one or more new containers are createdand automatic storing of a persistent copy of the data object proceedsin the one or more new containers on a data storage.
 3. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: before automatically storing a persistentcopy of the data object in any and all matching containers, requiring auser to approve each matching container.
 4. The method of claim 2,further comprising: before automatically storing a persistent copy ofthe data object in the one or more new containers, requiring a user toapprove each matching container.
 5. The method of claim 3, wherein ifthe user does not approve of at least one container, allowing a user tomanually store a persistent copy of the data object in a container on adata storage.
 6. The method of claim 4, wherein if the user does notapprove of at least one new container, allowing a user to manually storea persistent copy of the data object in a container on a data storage.7. The method of claim 4, wherein if the user does not approve of atleast one new container, automatically storing a persistent copy of thedata object in a default container on a data storage.
 8. Acomputer-implemented method for automatically filing data objects intocontainers comprising: importing a set of preprogrammed inclusion rulesdefining which data objects are included in a container and exclusionrules defining what data objects are excluded from a container;correlating the inclusion and exclusion rules to containers in a datasystem organized by containers; storing records of the inclusion andexclusion rules and the correlated containers in a database; monitoringOperating System events signifying addition of a new data object intothe data system; upon addition of a data object into a data systemorganized by containers: a) collecting pre-existing metadata from thedata object; b) extracting key information from content of the dataobject; c) analyzing the key information by interpreting and classifyingcontent to create enhanced metadata; d) creating an enhanced data objectby adding the pre-existing metadata and enhanced metadata as objectattributes; e) querying the database by performing phrase matching ofthe pre-existing metadata and enhanced metadata on the inclusion andexclusion rules; f) retrieving a set of containers correlated withmatching inclusion and exclusion rules; g) said computer, automaticallystoring a persistent copy of the enhanced data object in any and allmatching containers on a data storage.
 9. The method of claim 8, whereinif no matching containers are found, one or more new containers arecreated and automatic storing of a persistent copy of the enhanced dataobject proceeds in the one or more new containers on a data storage. 10.The method of claim 8, further comprising: before automatically storinga persistent copy of the enhanced data object in any and all matchingcontainers, requiring a user to approve each matching container.
 11. Themethod of claim 9, further comprising: before automatically storing apersistent copy of the enhanced data object in the one or more newcontainers, requiring a user to approve each matching container.
 12. Asystem for automatically filing a data object in a container comprising:at least one processor; a database for storing records of inclusionrules defining which data objects are included in a container andexclusion rules defining what data objects are excluded from a containerand correlations of the inclusion and exclusion rules containers in adata system organized by containers; the at least one processorconfigured to perform: monitoring Operating System events signifyingaddition of a new data object into the data system; upon addition of adata object into a data system organized by containers: a) collectingpre-existing metadata from the data object; b) extracting, by aprocessor, key information from content of the data object; c) analyzingthe key information by interpreting and classifying content to createenhanced metadata; d) querying the database by performing phrasematching of the pre-existing metadata and enhanced metadata on theinclusion and exclusion rules; e) retrieving a set of containerscorrelated with matching inclusion and exclusion rules; f) automaticallystoring a persistent copy of the data object in any and all matchingcontainers on a data storage.
 13. The system of claim 12, wherein if nomatching containers are found, one or more new containers are createdand automatic storing of a persistent copy of the data object proceedsin the one or more new containers on a data storage.
 14. The system ofclaim 12, further comprising: before automatically storing a persistentcopy of the data object in any and all matching containers, requiring auser to approve each matching container.
 15. The system of claim 13,further comprising: before automatically storing a persistent copy ofthe data object in the one or more new containers, requiring a user toapprove each matching container.
 16. The system of claim 14, wherein ifthe user does not approve of at least one container, allowing a user tomanually store a persistent copy of the data object in a container on adata storage.
 17. The system of claim 15, wherein if the user does notapprove of at least one new container, allowing a user to manually storea persistent copy of the data object in a container on a data storage.18. The system of claim 15, wherein if the user does not approve of atleast one new container, automatically storing a persistent copy of thedata object in a default container on a data storage.